A
(2020·合肥高三质检)Examples of effective conservation of places matter to the world. They range from the 1960s Nubian campaign to safeguard Ancient Egyptian monuments from the waters of the Aswan Dam to the removal in 2018 of the Belize Barrier Reef from the List of World Heritage in Danger. Conservation is the core purpose of the World Heritage Convention and it may also be its biggest challenge.
The following example shows how successes at specific sites now serve as models for conservation and sustainable development. A year after Vienna was included on the World Heritage List in 2001, the World Heritage Committee(WHC) expressed concerns about the architectural solutions and height of four planned towers of the Wien Mitte project. This development project, close to the Historic Centre of Vienna in the site’s buffer zone, the one that lies between two or more other areas, affected the urban scale(规模) and visual effects in and around the property(地产). As a result of the Committee’s concerns, Vienna changed its building modes and launched a new design competition for the Wien Mitte project to work out architectural plans with reduced size in keeping with World Heritage protection.
The successful practice inspired the government of the city to invite over 600 experts and professionals from 55 countries to an international conference on World Heritage and contemporary architecture, held in Vienna in May 2005. The global discussion that followed, detailing an approach to managing conservation and development, was recorded in the UNESCO Recommendation in 2011.
The Recommendation put forwards an allround and combined approach to balancing urban heritage conservation and economic development, arguing that active protection and management of urban heritage supports the goal of sustainable development. The Recommendation supports the harmonious combination of contemporary involvement into the historic urban framework while holding on to values linked to history, memory and the environment.
【解题导语】 本文通过讲述一些具体的例子来倡导对遗产进行有效保护和可持续发展。
1．Why does the author mention the Belize Barrier Reef in paragraph 1?
A．To explain the goal of the organization.
B．To encourage the public to protect the world.
C．To show the positive effect of conservation.
D．To remind people of the environmental problems.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Examples of effective conservation of places matter to the world.”以及其和第二句之间的关系可推知，第二句所列举的例子是在证明这个观点，故选C。
2．Why was WHC worried about the Wien Mitte project?
A．Because it took up too much public land of the city.
B．Because it had a bad effect on the Historic Centre of Vienna.
C．Because its original designs were not environmentally friendly.
D．Because its architectural solutions couldn’t meet safety standards.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This development project, close to the Historic Centre of Vienna...launched a new design competition for the Wien Mitte project to work out architectural plans with reduced size in keeping with World Heritage protection.”可知，WHC之所以对Wien Mitte项目担忧是因为该项目对维也纳历史中心有不好的影响。
3．What did the global discussion focus on?
A．The ways to combine conservation and development.
B．The creation of the new UNESCO Recommendation.
C．The international urban management and development.
D．The styles of the contemporary architecture of Vienna.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“The global discussion that followed, detailing an approach to managing conservation and development”可知，这次全球讨论的焦点是详述遗产保护和发展的方法。
4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To examine the challenges faced by global urban planners.
B．To introduce alternative ways of protecting the environment.
C．To stress the importance of the value of history and memory.
D．To promote active conservation and sustainable development.
D 解析：写作意图题。根据第二段第一句“The following example shows how successes at specific sites now serve as models for conservation and sustainable development.”并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文旨在提倡对遗产的有效保护和可持续发展。A项错在是为了检验全球城市规划者所面临的挑战，这只是其中例子所体现的问题，而非作者所表达的关键所在；B项错在为了引进保护环境的其他方法，文中未提及；C项错在为了强调历史和记忆价值的重要性，与主题无关，故排除。
