A
Early people lived by hunting animals and gathering grains.After a tribe(部落)had lived in an area for some time, its food supply would begin to reduce.Then the tribe had to move to new hunting grounds where there was more food.
This way of life caused special problems for the tribes.They were forced to depend on luck, as well as on their hunting skills.If they could find no game, the whole tribe was in danger of starving.And when the hunters had good luck one day, they were not sure to find game the next time.The tribes moved often because much land was needed to support their people.
Finally, people learned that they could grow their food.At first, the women of tribes raised patches of wild grain.Later, people discovered that they could plant their own seeds.Farming slowly became a way of life.
As people turned away from hunting to farming, their life changed.When the food supply became more constant, they no longer moved from place to place.The success of their crops depended partly on the weather, but there were also things they could do to help crops grow.
In the past, a tribe had to travel many miles for food.Now，only a small amount of land was necessary to feed the whole tribe.The tribe could grow in size because farming provided a way to feed people.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述我们祖先是如何依靠种植来获得食物的。
1．From the passage we can infer ．
A．life was hard and unsteady for early tribes
B．hunting was interesting in early days
C．the change from hunting to farming happened very quickly
D．early tribes liked moving from place to place
A [推理判断题。根据第一段后两句“After a tribe(部落)had lived in an area for some time, its food supply would begin to reduce.Then the tribe had to move to new hunting grounds where there was more food.”可知，一个部落在某一地区居住一段时间后，食物不断减少，这样这个部落就不得不搬到有更多食物的地方，再根据第二段二、三句“They were forced to depend on luck, as well as on their hunting skills.If they could find no game, the whole tribe was in danger of starving.”可知，他们主要靠运气活下来，如果找不到猎物，整个部落就会处于饿死的境地，因此推断对于早期部落来说，生活是艰辛和不稳定的。故选A。]
2．The main idea of the passage is ．
A．how the ancient people grow crops
B．why early people had to travel often
C．how farming became a way of life
D．how the ancient people hunt
C [主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，一、二两段讲述早期部落需要运气活下来，生活艰辛不稳定；第三段讲述随着人们从狩猎转向种植，他们生活稳定下来；第四段讲述农业种植使得部落的扩大成为可能。因此推断文章主要讲述种植是如何成为人类的一种生活方式的。故选C。]
3．Why did the early tribes move so often?
A．They enjoyed traveling around.
B．They liked to go hunting everywhere.
C．Because of the bad weather they did not like to stay in one place.
D．They had to find enough food.
D [细节理解题。根据第一段后两句“After a tribe(部落)had lived in an area for some time, its food supply would begin to reduce.Then the tribe had to move to new hunting grounds where there was more food.”可知，早期部落不断搬迁是因为他们必须找到足够的食物。故选D。]
【解题策略】 主旨大意题解题策略：抓住文章的主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心思想。一般来说，文章的主题句多数在第一段的开头或者最后一段的结尾部分，但是要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时候主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳总结形成主题。例如小题2：文章第一、二两段讲述早期部落需要运气活下来，生活艰辛不稳定；第三段讲述随着人们从狩猎转向种植，他们生活稳定下来；第四段讲述农业种植使得部落的扩大成为可能。从而归纳总结得出文章主要讲述种植是如何成为人类的一种生活方式的。故选C。
