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Theaters of the Past
The Greek Theater
Theaters developed in many parts of Greece. Ancient Greek theaters were built in natural open air sites on conveniently shaped hills. This allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time. Due to this, actors placed emphasis on exaggerated(夸张的) action and speech. And, colorful symbolic masks and costumes were used.
The Medieval Theater
The Medieval theater started in churches. That’s why medieval plays were about Bible stories. At first, it became a custom for priests ( 牧 师 ) to act out brief scenes during Christmas and Easter. These acts attracted large crowds. Finally the church refused to allow priests to participate in any such events again, so ordinary people began these performances outside. Performances were set in the town square, with several stage settings around it.
The Elizabethan Theater
The England’s theater developed rapidly in the years following the defeat of the Spanish Navy. The dominant feature of Elizabethan theater was the stage, It has three parts : The fore stage for outside scenes ; the inner stage for scenes inside a building; an upper stage or balcony for various purposes. The reason for this design is that there were no scene changes, or breaks during the play. Very little scenery was used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues. This led to a more poetic script, and poets became the main source of script writing.
The Restoration Theater
Some of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were really funny. Many specialized machines were used to create the scene. The stage was a very clever idea, in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters(百叶窗) were painted with the scene.
1. Why were ancient Greek theaters built on hills?
A. To hold a large audience.
B. To build a big and strong stage.
C. To have a better sound effect.
D. To emphasize exaggerated performances.
2. In which theater could actors’ voices and speech help create scenes?
A. The Greek Theater.
B. The Medieval Theater.
C. The Elizabethan Theater.
D. The Restoration Theater.
3. What is special about The Restoration Theater?
A. Colorful masks were used.
B. The stage was smartly designed.
C. Most of its plays were sorrowful.
D. Ordinary people were the performers.
