A
Working or learning in a foreign country can be a difficult experience, both professionally and personally, because of the culture shock.
The hardest part of working abroad isn't finding a place to stay or learning the language. It's learning to overcome the culture shock. The anthropologist(人类学家) Kalvero Oberg first put forward the term ''culture shock''. He reported that the culture shock was caused by the ''anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse(社交) while living and working in another culture''.
These things are part of everyday life, and include many signs, gestures, facial expressions, and customs. When we enter a new culture, these cues(提示) are usually not present or so different that they're no longer understandable to us.
''When a person enters a foreign culture, '' wrote Oberg, ''all or most of these familiar cues are eliminated. He or she is like a fish out of water. No matter how broad-minded he or she may be, lots of props(支柱) have been knocked out from the environment.''
This is what happened to Lara, a young IT consultant(顾问) from America moved last year to their company in southern Europe. Three weeks after she arrived in Europe, Lara sent a desperate e-mail begging to return home. ''The people are so unfriendly, '' Lara wrote. ''They eat at strange hours and I'm starting to get allergic(过敏的) to the local food. I can't get anything done because their way of doing business is so disorganized and so inefficient and I have a terrible skin itch because of the water. I want to come home!''
What Lara and other IT consultants meet on their first assignment abroad is a culture shock. While you can't prevent the culture shock from happening, you can take some measures to cut down its effects.
21. What is the most difficult part for a foreign student?
A. Learning the foreign language. B. Adapting to the local culture.
C. Finding a right place to live. D. Entering a famous school.
22. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “eliminated” in Paragraph 4?
A. observed B. removed
C. solved D. measured
23. What happened to Lara when she arrived in Europe?
A. Her life got into a mess.
B. She worked more efficient than at home.
C. She couldn’t get on well with her colleagues.
D. She was out of condition because of the weather.
24. Why does the author describe Lara’s experience?
A. To show us where we’ll meet with the culture shock.
B. To show us how to adapt to the culture shock.
C To explain to us what the culture shock is.
D. To tell us how she manages to work well.
25. What would be talked about in the paragraph that follows the last one?
A. Why Lara wants to come home.
B. Who will come across the culture shock.
C. What a person meets in a foreign culture.
D. How a person adapts to the culture shock.
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了由于文化的冲击，在国外工作或学习在职业上和个人上都是困难的经历，我们应如何应对文化冲击。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的 The hardest part of working abroad isn't finding a place to stay or learning the language. It's learning to overcome the culture shock(在国外工作最困难的部分不是找地方住或学习语言。是学习克服文化冲击。)可知，对于外国学生来说，最困难的部分是适应当地文化。B. Adapting to the local culture.(适应当地的文化)符合以上说法，故选B项。
【22题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段 When a person enters a foreign culture, " wrote Oberg, "all or most of these familiar cues are eliminate. He or she is like a fish out of water. No matter how broad-minded he or she may be, lots of props(支柱) have been knocked out from the environment.''可知，“当一个人进入一种外国文化时，”奥伯格写道，“所有或大部分这些熟悉的线索都会eliminated。”他或她就像离开水的鱼。无论他/她的心胸多么开阔，很多支柱都会从环境中被淘汰。根据句意，尤其have been knocked out可推划线部分的意思是“移除/除去”。B. removed(移除)符合以上说法，故选B项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的They eat at strange hours and I'm starting to get allergic to the local food. I can't get anything done because their way of doing business is so disorganized and so inefficient and I have a terrible skin itch because of the water. I want to come home(他们吃饭的时间很奇怪，我开始对当地的食物过敏了。我不能做任何事情，因为他们的经营方式是如此的混乱和低效，因为水我的皮肤非常痒，我想回家。)可推测，劳拉到达欧洲后她的生活一团糟。A. Her life got into a mess.(她的生活一团糟)符合以上说法，故选A项。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据五段的主要内容，以及第六段的What Lara and other IT consultants meet on their first assignment abroad is a culture shock．(Lara和其他IT顾问在他们的第一次海外任务中遇到的是文化冲击。)可推测，作者描述劳拉的经历向我们解释什么是文化冲击。C. To explain to us what the culture shock is.(为了向我们解释什么是文化冲击)符合以上说法，故选C项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段的While you can't prevent the culture shock from happening, you can take some measures to cut down its effects.(虽然你不能阻止文化冲击的发生，但你可以采取一些措施来减少它的影响。)可推测，在最后一段之后的段落中会讨论一个人如何适应文化冲击。D. How a person adapts to the culture shock.(一个人如何适应文化冲击)符合以上说法，故选D项。
