A
Throughout history there have been many great women who have contributed to the various fields of science. They have won huge achievements, made important discoveries and done key research that has worked to advance civilization as a whole. Below are some of the world’s most famous female scientists along with descriptions of what made their work so important.
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Marie Curie (1867-1934)
Nationality: Polish
Known For: Work on radioactivity
Marie Curie was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize and the only woman to win this award in two categories: Physics and Chemistry. She discovered polonium and radium and her work helped with the creation of X-rays.
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Lise Meitner (1878-1968)
Nationality: Austrian
Known For: Work on radioactivity and nuclear physics
Lise Meitner was a key member of a group that discovered nuclear fission. One of her colleagues, Otto Hahn, was given the Noble Prize for this work and Meitner’s loss of the award is considered to be a huge error by the Nobel committee.
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Chien-Shiung Wu (1912-1997)
Nationality: Chinese American
Known For: Work with experimental physics and radioactivity
Chien-Shiung Wu is known for her work on the Manhattan Project and her help with finding the process for separating uranium into U-238 and U-235. She has several nicknames including the “Chinese Maria Curie” and the “First Lady of Physics.”
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Jane Goodall (1934-present)
Nationality: British
Known For: Primate studies
Jane Goodall is known world-wide for her groundbreaking studies on primates. She is considered the top expert on chimpanzees in the world and is perhaps best known for her 45 year study on the social lives of these smart creatures in Tanzania.
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1. Whose work has been recognized with a Noble Prize praise according to the passage?
A. Lise Meitner. B. Marie Curie.
C. Chien-Shiung Wu. D. Jane Goodall.
2. The work of _______ has much to do with the life of clever animals.
A. Marie Curie. B. Chien-Shiung Wu.
C. Jane Goodall. D. Lise Meitner.
3. What do they have in common among the scientists mentioned above?
A. Great female. B. Work on radioactivity.
C. Nationality. D. The Noble Prize.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四位在各自领域做出杰出贡献的女性科学家。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Marie Curie (1867-1934)中Marie Curie was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize and the only woman to win this award in two categories: Physics and Chemistry.可知，玛丽·居里是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性，也是唯一一位在物理学和化学两个奖项中获得这一奖项的女性。故选B
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jane Goodall (1934-present)中Jane Goodall is known world-wide for her groundbreaking studies on primates. She is considered the top expert on chimpanzees in the world and is perhaps best known for her 45 year study on the social lives of these smart creatures in Tanzania.（Jane Goodall因其对灵长类动物的开创性研究而闻名世界。她被认为是世界上研究黑猩猩的顶级专家，最著名的可能是她在坦桑尼亚对这些聪明生物的社会生活进行了45年的研究。）可知，Jane Goodall的工作与聪明动物的生活有很大关系。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Throughout history there have been many great women who have contributed to the various fields of science.（纵观历史，有许多伟大的女性为科学的各个领域做出了贡献。）和“Below are some of the world’s most famous female scientists along with descriptions of what made their work so important.（下面是一些世界上最著名的女科学家，以及是什么让她们的工作如此重要。）”可知，文章提到的是四位著名的女性科学家。故选A。
