A
Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would say: Confucius (孔子). September 28 is his birthday. Although he was born over 2,000 years ago, people still remember him on this day.
Confucius lived in the kingdom of Lu, part of today’s Shandong province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. His childhood was sad. His father died when he was only 3 and he had to work to help his mother. But young Confucius didn’t give up on studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports.
Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time only children from noble (贵族的) families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime.
Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that everyone has something worthy to learn and to teach. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better than me in some areas. I select their good qualities and follow them. I take their bad qualities and change them in myself.”
He also taught us that thinking is very important in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled (困惑的). All thinking but no study makes people lazy.”
Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. “A kind person should care for others. Be strict with yourself, but be kind to others,” he said.
21. Confucius started the first public school so that ______.
A. children could learn at school rather than at home
B. children from poor families could go to school as well
C. he wanted to be the first teacher in Chinese history
D. he could find himself a job as a teacher
22. Confucius not only gave lessons but also _____.
A. taught students how to make friends B. provided students with puzzles
C. encouraged people to be strict D. advised people to behave well
23. Which is the best title for this story?
A. A person who changed Chinese history B. Confucius – a great teacher and thinker
C. A great man with hard childhood D. Confucius’ teaching methods
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了中国伟大的教育家和思想家孔子的故事。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段句子“At that time only children from noble (贵族的) families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. ”（在那个时候，只有贵族家庭的孩子才能上学，但孔子认为，每个人都应该有上学的权力。）可知，孔子创办了第一所公办学校，使贫困家庭的孩子也能上学，故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段句子“Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners.”（孔子不仅是一位伟大的老师，而且是一位著名的思想家，他对世界和社会有着睿智的思想。他最重要的教导时关于善良和礼貌。）可知，孔子不仅教授课程，还教授学生行为礼貌，举止得体，故选D项。
【23题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章首段“Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would say: Confucius (孔子). ”（谁是中国历史上最伟大的老师?很多人会说:孔子。），引出文章中心，另末端“Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. ”（孔子不仅是一位伟大的老师，而且是一位著名的思想家，他对世界和社会有着睿智的思想。）再次点题，分段中分别介绍了孔子的家庭背景，成立学校和教书育人。可知，短文的最佳标题为“孔子是一位伟大的教育家和思想家”。故选B项。
