A
Today, we will explore how to preserve the fruits and vegetables. By following a few easy steps, we can still eat them when they are out of season.
Freezing
Freezing is the simplest way to save fruits and vegetables. But it is important to freeze them after they have cooled down. To avoid freezer burns, which can affect the taste and feel， we should only use plastic bags or boxes designed for the freezer.
Good foods to freeze include apples, plums, green beans and cabbage. But don't freeze potatoes, tomatoes and bananas.
Canning
There are two main ways to can fruits and vegetables：boiling hot water baths and pressure canning.
Boiling hot water bath is to put fresh fruits and vegetables in glass jars（罐）and then heat the jars in boiling water. The heat gets the air out of the jars and frees the food from microorganisms（微生物）. Then cover the jars tightly. This method works best with foods like apples, berries, cherries and peaches.
Pressure canning food requires a pressure canner. Its size should be based on the amount of food to be canned. The pressure canner should be filled with fruits and vegetables as tightly as possible. Good foods for pressure canning include carrots, corn and bell peppers.
Whichever method you use, you should keep the fruits and vegetables from fresh air.
Pickling （腌制）
There are many pickling methods. You can pickle whole vegetables or vegetables cut in small pieces by adding salt, pepper or other seasonings.
Good late — summer foods to pickle include cucumbers, hot peppers and eggplants.
21. Which of the following are suitable for freezing?
A. Apples. B. Potatoes.
C. Bananas. D. Tomatoes.
22. When you are canning fresh fruits and vegetables, it is important to .
A. hold them in plastic bags B. cool them down first
C. cut them in small pieces first D. keep them from fresh air
23. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To tell us how to avoid food waste. B. To introduce ways to preserve foods.
C. To show the best way to cook food. D. To explain why foods can be preserved.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，如何保存水果和蔬菜的方法。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。由Freezing下的第二段中的“Good foods to freeze include apples, plums, green beans and cabbage.”（能冷冻的好食物包括苹果、李子、绿豆和卷心菜。），可知苹果适合冷冻。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。由Canning下
第四段中的“Whichever method you use, you should keep the fruits and vegetables from fresh air.”（无论你用哪种方法，你都应该使水果和蔬菜远离新鲜空气。），可知当你在罐装新鲜水果和蔬菜时，重要的是不要接触新鲜空气。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段“Today, we will explore how to preserve the fruits and vegetables. By following a few easy steps, we can still eat them when they are out of season.”（今天，我们将探讨如何保存水果和蔬菜。通过简单的几步，我们仍然可以在它们过季的时候吃它们。）和下文所讲述的“Freezing”“Canning”“Pickling”几种保存食物的方法，可知作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍保存食物的方法。故选B项。
