Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
In Venice, it is not uncommon to see tourists carry suitcases through waist-high water, or sit at tables in Piazza San Marco ____1____ their swimsuits. Pictures of Venice in the most dramatic flooding are really alarming.
We are used to thinking of Venice as a city in danger, a glorious relic of human creativity that is about to sink any day suddenly the end looks ____2____ (close). However, as climate change makes extreme weather more frequent, Venice looks less like a victim of the sea and more like an old survivor ____3____ can teach the rest of the world now to live with wafer.
People barely notice ____4____ smartly the art treasures of Venice are kept on the upper floors of palaces and museums, even on a dry summer day. It is also needless to worry about all the art in churches ____5____ no other city has such a sharp awareness of protecting itself from water.
In their art, the people of Venice are as happy on water as on land. Vittore Carpaccio's painting Hunting on the Lagoon shows young Venetians standing easily balanced in low-sided boats ____6____ (shoot) arrows at water birds. In a Gentile Bellini's painting, priests swim in the canal searching for a lost relic. Titian portrays ashot woman ____7____ (bathe) in open water in his painting. Hunting and fishing, swimming and showing. Venetians always know how to enjoy water.
The palaces ____8____ (build) in Venice are also good examples of the prevention of flood. ____9____ has its living spaces on upper floors, often with a courtyard on the ground floor that ____10____ (drain) water instantly.
【答案】1. in 2. closer
3. that 4. how
5. because 6. to shot
7. bathing 8. built
9. each 10. drains
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了绘画中的威尼斯所反映出的关于威尼斯的文化。
【1题详解】
考查介词。句意：在威尼斯，游客提着手提箱穿过齐腰深的水面，或者穿着泳衣坐在圣马可广场的桌子旁，这些都很常见。in是介词，后接表示衣服或颜色的词在句中作定语，故答案为in。
【2题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：我们习惯于认为威尼斯是一个处于危险之中的城市，是人类创造力的辉煌遗迹，随时都可能沉没——末日似乎近在眼前。根据上句“Pictures of Venice in the most dramatic flooding are really alarming.”威尼斯遭遇最严重洪水的照片确实令人担忧。可知末日似乎近在眼前。故应用比较级。答案为closer。
【3题详解】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意：威尼斯看起来不太像海洋的受害者，更像是一个古老的幸存者，它可以教会世界上其他地方的人如何与水相处。设空处引导定语从句，且在句中作指人的主语，先行词为 survivor（幸存者），故答案为that。
【4题详解】
考查副词。句意：人们几乎没有注意到威尼斯的艺术珍品被巧妙地保存在宫殿和博物馆的上层。设空处后为副词smartly,结合句意，此处表示程度。故答案为how。
【5题详解】
考查连词。句意：也没有必要担心教堂里的艺术品，因为没有其他城市有如此强烈的保护自己不受水侵害的意识。设空处后“no other city has such a sharp awareness of protecting itself from water.”没有其他城市有如此强烈的保护自己不受水侵害的意识。设空处前“It is also needless to worry about all the art in churches”也不必担心教堂里的艺术。设空处后为设空出上句的原因。故答案为because。
【6题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：维托雷·卡帕西奥(Vittore Carpaccio)的画作《泻湖上的狩猎》(Hunting on the Lagoon)描绘了年轻的威尼斯人轻松地站在低矮的小船上，保持平衡，向水鸟射箭。设空处在句中作非谓语，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式的形式，故答案为to shot。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：提香在他的画作中描绘了一个在开阔水域中沐浴的女子。设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语woman之间是逻辑主动关系，应用现在分词的形式。故答案为bathing。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在威尼斯建造的宫殿也是预防洪水的好例子。设空处在句中作非谓语，和其逻辑主语the palaces 之间是逻辑被动关系。故答案为built。
【9题详解】
考查不定代词。句意：每座宫殿的上层都有自己的生活空间，通常在底层有一个能立即排水的庭院。设空处在句中作主语，根据谓语has 可知主语为单数形式；根据上句“The palaces built in Venice are also good examples of the prevention of flood”建于威尼斯的宫殿也是预防洪水的好例子。可知设空处指代the places且为单数的形式。故答案为each。
【10题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在从句中作谓语，结合主句“ has its living spaces on upper floors, often with a courtyard on the ground floor ”每座宫殿的上层都有自己的生活空间，通常在底层有一个能立即排水的庭院。主句的谓语动词为has，可知从句时态为一般现在时，主语为先行词floor，根据主谓一致。故答案为drains。
