A
(2020·福州适应性检测)Your circle of friends may help you get a better reading on your overall health and wellness rather than just using wearable devices such as a Fitbit，according to researchers.
The study，published in the journal PLOS ONE，analyzed what the structure of the social network says about the state of health，happiness and stress.
“We were interested in the topology(拓扑学)of the social network—what my position within my social network predicts about my health and wellbeing，” said Nitesh V Chawla，a professor at the University of Notre Dame.
“What we found was that the social network structure provides a significant improvement in predictability of the wellness state of an individual over just using the data obtained from wearable devices，like the number of steps or the heart rate，”Chawla said.
For the study，participants wore a Fitbit to capture health behavior data about walking，sleeping，the heart rate and the overall activity level.They also completed surveys and selfassessment of their stress，happiness and positivity.
Chawla and his team then analyzed the data with a machine learning model，alongside the characteristics of an individual's social network.
The study showed a strong correlation(相关性)between social network structures and the heart rate，the number of steps and the level of activity.
The social network structure provided a significant improvement in predicting one's health and wellbeing compared to just looking at health behavior data from the Fitbit alone.
For example，when the social network structure is combined with the data from wearable devices，the machine learning model achieved a 65 percent improvement in predicting happiness.
The model also achieved a 54 percent improvement in predicting one's selfassessed health prediction，a 55 percent improvement in predicting the positive attitude and a 38 percent improvement in predicting success.
This study asserts(断言)that without social network information，we only have an incomplete view of an individual's wellness state.To be fully predictive，it is critical to be aware of the social network，Chawla said.
[语篇解读] 研究发现，比起仅仅通过设备去掌握自己的健康状况，结合社交网络结构能让人们更好地了解自己的健康状况。不通过社交网络信息的健康状况评价是不全面的。
1．What did the study find?
A．How people choose their friend circles.
B．What factors decide your friend circles.
C．How your circle of friends influences you.
D．What your circle of friends says about your health.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，研究人员说，朋友圈有助于人们更好地了解自己的健康状况；再结合第二段的内容可知，D项正确。
答案：D
2．How did the researchers draw their conclusions?
A．By comparing data.
B．By giving examples.
C．By analyzing cause and effect.
D．By describing personal experiences.
解析：推理判断题。倒数第二段和倒数第三段都给出了数据来说明设备结合社交网络结构能更好地预测人的健康等其他方面。据此可推知，研究人员是通过比较数据的方法得出结论的，故A项正确。
答案：A
3．What does the underlined word “critical” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Easy. B．Common.
C．Important. D．Challenging.
解析：词义猜测题。根据尾段第一句可知，如果没有社交网络信息，我们对人的健康状况的了解是不全面的；结合语境可知，画线词所在句表示要想充分预测人的健康状况，了解社交网络是至关重要的。据此可知，C项正确。
答案：C
4．What do Chawla's words in the last paragraph tell us?
A．How fitness devices can be connected with your circle of friends.
B．That a person's social network is part of his health picture.
C．The best ways to make friends and keep a healthy social circle.
D．That wearable devices are not useful for understanding someone's health.
解析：推理判断题。根据尾段中Chawla所说的话可知，要想充分预测人的健康状况，了解社交网络是至关重要的。据此可推知，个人的社交网络是描述一个人的健康状况的一部分，故B项正确。
答案：B
词汇积累：Para.1：reading n．理解 wellness n．健康 wearable adj.可穿戴的 Para.4：improvement n．改进处 Para.5：selfassessment n．自我评估(或评价) Para.11：incomplete adj.不完整的，不完全的，不完善的
