Ⅰ．阅读理解
A
Scientists visiting tiny Henderson Island in the South Pacific recently made an alarming discovery．Although it is one of the most remote places on the Earth and previously untouched by humans, the island was covered in plastic waste．They calculated there were 38 million pieces of plastic, weighing almost 18 tons, with thousands of new pieces washing up each day．“No country has a free pass — we found plastic from everywhere，”said one scientist．“We all have a responsibility, and we have to sit up and pay attention．This is not an issue to ignore．We need to do something now to protect the sea．”
Plastic waste in the sea has long been known about, but only now are we discovering the true extent of the problem．Plastic takes hundreds of years to decompose, so all the plastic ever produced still exists somewhere．Around 95% of plastics made are not recycled, and large amounts enter the sea．Currents collect this waste in large circular systems called “gyres”．One of the largest is in the Pacific Ocean, an area now known as the “Great Pacific Garbage Patch”．
The problem gets worse as plastic breaks down into very small pieces, or “micro plastic”．This is eaten by fish and leads to massive species loss．Humans also eat these fish, and micro plastic has even been found in tap water around the world．The problem has spread too far to ignore．The plastic on Henderson Island accounts for just 2 seconds' worth of global annual plastic production．That production will more than triple by 2050．Then there will be the same weight of plastic in the sea as fish．
However, there are some young minds working to clean up and protect the sea for future generations．While diving in Greece, young Boyan Slat noticed there was more plastic waste than fish．He decided right then to dedicate his life to solving this problem．Previously the problem was considered too big to solve; collecting the plastic with boats and nets would be expensive, would harm sea life, and would take thousands of years! But, Boyan thought, why move through the sea when the sea can move through you? To work with the currents and gyres would help collect the waste．So he started the Ocean Cleanup Project, which places very long floating barriers in the Pacific．Currents then concentrate the waste naturally so it can be collected and recycled．He hopes to reduce the patch by 50% in just five years．
“Many problems today are side effects of things people didn't think about in the past，”he says．Sea plastic is a symbol of the negative effects of our lifestyle and technology．Our aim should be to create a new lifestyle for this century．Protecting the sea from plastic is a good place to start．
1．What alarming discovery did the scientists make?
A．They discovered a tiny island in the South Pacific Ocean．
B．They discovered there was plastic everywhere on Henderson Island．
C．They discovered that there were no human beings on Henderson Island．
D．They discovered Henderson Island was the most remote place in the world．
2．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Micro plastic is merely harmful to the fish in the sea．
B．Not all the countries have to face the problem of plastic trash．
C．Nowadays there is the same weight of plastic in the sea as fish．
D．Most plastics made are not recycled, and large amounts enter the sea．
3．What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?
A．How the Ocean Cleanup Project works．
B．The problem of plastic cleanup is too big to tackle．
C．Let the sea itself decompose the plastic waste naturally．
D．Collecting plastic with boats and nets would be a good way．
4．Which of the following words best describe Boyan Slat?
A．Considerate and straightforward．
B．Intelligent and responsible．
C．Knowledgeable and sensitive．
D．Devoted and courageous．
