(1)“湖广填四川”译为the mass migration of peasants from Huguang to Sichuan Province。“湖
广”为旧时一个省份。元代湖广相当于今两湖、两广。明清时湖广专指两湖。四川曾因天灾人祸,人口锐减,湖广农民乃大批迁入。
(2)“世代为地主耕种,家境是贫苦的”充为From generation to generation, they tilled land for
landlords only to eke out a bare subsistence,其中only用于不定式前作“结果却……”解,往往表示一种不幸的结果。又to eke out是成语,后面常跟a bare subsistence或a living、an existence、a livelihood等,作“勉强糊口”解。